Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases

For life, for the functioning of the body, there is an absolute need for energy and hormones.

Hormones are substances produced by an endocrine organ. Hormones are substances that regulate and govern the functioning of the body. Endocrine glands make up the endocrine system. The endothelial cells that cover the inner surface of the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid and parathyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, ovaries in women and testes in men, and vessels are the endocrine glands that make up the endocrine system. Insufficient secretion, no secretion or excessive secretion of hormones produced and secreted in the endocrine glands cause hormonal diseases. The functions, masses and tumors of these glands are the subjects of endocrinology.

All the details about obtaining, using and storing the energy necessary for the functioning of the body and the continuity of these activities are considered as the subject of metabolism. Metabolic activities are related to and governed by hormones as well as organs. Diagnosis and diagnosis of many diseases such as deficiencies in vitamin and mineral absorption or their excess in the body, their damage, obesity-obesity, insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes-diabetes, goiter, sexual diseases, and congenital fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism diseases due to hereditary factors. treatment procedures are also carried out by Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases clinics.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases provides clinical services in all service areas of our Antalya Yaşam Hospitals. Our hospitals have all the facilities and state-of-the-art equipment for all hormone tests, radiological imaging methods and all other diagnostic tests needed for endocrinology and metabolic diseases.

The main diseases treated in Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases clinics are:

Diabetes (Diabetes):

Diabetes is the disease most commonly diagnosed and treated in Endocrinology Metabolism clinics. Diabetes; It is a chronic endocrine metabolism disease that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin hormone or the insulin produced cannot be perceived by the body cells, resulting in elevated blood sugar. The type of insulin that cannot be produced at all is called Type 1 diabetes, the type that develops with overweight, insulin resistance, Type 2 diabetes, the type that occurs during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes (gestational diabetes), the type that occurs due to some hormonal problems or operations is called secondary-secondary diabetes.

Thyroid Gland Diseases (Goiter, Thyroid Nodule, Cancer, Thyroiditis, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Iodine Deficiency)

The thyroid gland is a gland located in the neck region, producing hormones that are important for energy metabolism, especially the functioning of the body and organs. Thyroid hormones are T3, T4 and calcitonin. If the thyroid gland enlarges, goiter occurs, if the hormone production decreases, hypothyroidism occurs, if it increases, hyperthyroidism (toxic goiter), if lumps form in the gland, thyroid nodules and cancers occur. Sometimes, in diseases such as non-microbial thyroid inflammation (thyroiditis), an increase or decrease in the amount of secretion of these hormones occurs. In these cases, the necessary drug treatments and surgical treatments must be performed, as they can cause serious problems in the body.

Obesity (Obesity):

Obesity is the state of having a much higher body fat rate and is the precursor of many diseases. Body mass is determined by the square of weight and height, if the mass (kg/m2) is > 30, there is obesity. Although it develops due to unbalanced irregular nutrition and high calorie intake, obesity can also develop in many of the hormonal problems. Especially in diseases related to the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries and pituitary gland, the probability of developing obesity is quite high. In such cases, after determining the treatment plan for the disease causing obesity, they should be reduced to their ideal weight.

Hypertension (High Blood Pressure, High Blood Pressure):

Hypertension is common and can occur for many different reasons. One of them is hormonal disorders. Especially in endocrine diseases related to the adrenal glands and thyroid gland, and in diabetes mellitus, the probability of developing hypertension is quite high.

Insulin Resistance Conditions:

Glucose is the main energy substance, insulin hormone is needed for its use. Sometimes the cells in the body are insensitive to the hormone insulin, so blood glucose cannot be used, which is called insulin resistance. This causes an increase in blood glucose (sugar) levels and a corresponding increase in insulin. Metabolic Syndrome and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome seen in women can be given as examples.

ENDOCRINOLOGICAL DISEASES

Most seen endocrinological diseases are:

Pituitary Gland Diseases:

• Pituitary gland failure (Hypopituitarism)
• Prolactin “milk hormone” hormone excess (Hyperprolactinemia)
• Cortisol hormone excess (Cushing's Disease)
• Excess growth hormone (Acromegaly)
• Growth hormone deficiency and short stature
• Diabetes without diabetes (Diabetes Insipidus)
• Pituitary adenoma, tumors

Thyroid Gland Diseases:

• Goiter (Enlargement of the thyroid gland)
• Thyroid hormone excess (Hyperthyroidism / Toxic Goiter)
• Thyroid hormone deficiency (Hypothyroidism)
• Thyroid nodule (internal goiter, toxic goiter, hot or cold nodule, nodular goiter)
• Inflammatory diseases of the thyroid (Thyroiditis; Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Subacute thyroiditis, Postpartum thyroiditis)
• Thyroid cancers
• Thyroid and hormone problems during pregnancy

Parathyroid Gland Diseases:

• Parathyroid hormone excess (Hyperparathyroidism)
• Parathyroid hormone deficiency (Hypoparathyroidism)
• parathyroid adenoma
• Hypercalcemia, Hypocalcemia

Adrenal Gland (Adrenal Or Adrenal) Diseases:

• Cortisol hormone excess (Cushing's syndrome)
• Cortisol hormone deficiency (Addison's disease)
• Aldosterone hormone excess (Hyperaldosteronism / Conn Syndrome)
• Adrenaline hormone excess (Peochromocytoma)
• Adrenal masses (Adenoma, Incidentaloma, Cancers)
• Endocrine Hypertension
• Secondary Diabetes

Female Sex Hormone-Estrogen and Diseases:

• Female sex hormone-estrogen deficiencies (Over failure, Hypogonadism)
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (absence of menstruation, weight gain and hair growth)
• Hair growth (Hirsutism)
• Infertility (Infertile)

Male Sex Hormone-Testosterone and Diseases:

• Testosterone deficiency (Hypogonadism)
• Breast enlargement in men (Gynecomastia)
• Erectile dysfunction (Erectile dysfunction-unwillingness)
• Infertility (Infertility)

Metabolic Diseases:

• Diabetes mellitus (Diabetes mellitus)
• Sugar drops (Hypoglycemia)
• Insulin resistance syndrome (Metabolic syndrome)
• Weight problems-overweight “Obesity” and nutrition, weight control
• Gestational Diabetes
• Bone resorption (Osteoporosis)
• Vitamin and mineral diseases
• Cholesterol, high triglyceride (Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperlipidemia)
• High uric acid (Gout disease)